Page 14 - Radiation Safety

GAUGING

EDXRF
Basic Principle: Metal analysis
Scattered, Absorbed & •Identify & Quantify Identification of an
element by its Energy
Diffracted known / unknown
element in material line Jewelry industry
•Measure thickness WDXRF
XRF •Absorbed energy Identification of an Hazardous substance
element from its detection
wavelength properties
Oil Industry
•Monochromatic x-ray
XRD
•Scattered by lattices of
Safety features:
crystalline material 1. Beam shutter Printed circuit board
2. Tube Housing
BRAGG’S LAW: 3. Enclosed X-ray analyzer Environment uses
Types of sin Ф = nλ 4. Beam stopper
Analyzer 2d 5. Warning light, signal & Identification of unknown
label
material
Applications
Cement Industry

X- RAY ANALYZER Mining industry
•HV
•Pre-amp Coating Thickness
•Amp
•Discriminator/MCA - Test silicon thickness on paper
Instrumentation Electronic •Ratemeter -Test Phosphorus thickness on
metal
•Convert x-ray
Detector
signal Technique :
-Absorption
X-ray tube Tube Housing Characteristic Type ( I α (1/thickness))
•Stability To measure single coated
•Proportional counter
•Generate high •Minimize leakage •Efficiency WDXRF & XRD material
speed x-ray •As a physical protect •Ruggedness •Semiconductor -Excitation
•Applied voltage & •Shields to provide •Energy depend. EDXRF ( I α thickness)
current protection •Resolving power To measure multi coated material