Page 7 - Radiation Safety

RADIATION EFFECT ON BIOLOGY SYSTEM

Interacts with cells
Cells with HIGH degree of radio sensitivity: Depends on Tissue weighing factors (W )
t
- High metabolic rate (erythroblast) RADIOSENSITIVITY
- High level of Oxygen (red blood cells) (RS) Gonad : 0.2 Bladder :
- High division rate (spermatogonium) of cells Breast :
Direct
Bone Marrow : Liver : 0.05
Intestine : Esophagus :
0.12 Thyroid :
Lung :
Radiation Bone Surface :
Free Indirect Injury Skin : 0.01
radicals Mechanism

Interacts with water
molecules
BIOLOGICAL Factors
EFFECTS OF IONIZING modified 1. Part of body irradiated (RS)
Genetic Effects the effects
(DNA chain damaged that RADIATION
lead to genetic effects)
2. Types of radiation
Somatic
(Effects to people who directly exposed to 3. Dose rate
radiation)
4. Biological
Deterministic / Non-Stochastic Stochastic / Late Effect
- Age
• Severity ↔ Dose Received • Probability ↔ Dose Received - Sex
• √ Threshold • X Threshold
• Long term → Cancer (Silent disease)

1. Prodromal Syndrome (Early symptoms) 3. Gastro-intestinal Syndrome (GI)
- Vomiting, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Fatigue, etc. - Regarding digestive system
- 4 Sv (Death ± 1 week)
2. Bone Marrow Syndrome - Eg : Failure to replace Mucosa, Bacterial infection
- Regarding blood
- 1 Sv – 2 Sv 4. Central Nervous System Syndrome (CNS)
- Eg: Blood clothing failure, Anemia, Hypoxia, - Dose > 50 Sv (Death ± 2-3 days)
- Eg: Motor incoordinate, Hyperexcitation, Coma